Unit 5
1. As far as ability is concerned, I am sure he will qualify for the job.

2. It is wrong to assume that John will formally apologize to them for being impolite.

3. I asked her several times, but she refused to respond to my question.

4. In the West, people often send away for mail-order goods, which can save a lot of time.

5. Sorry time is running out; I suggest we skip to the last chapter.

6. Since you have set your mind to finishing your master’s program as soon as possible, don’t let your social life stand in the way of your studies.

Unit 6
1.         Fitted with the artificial leg, he walked unsteadily at first, but with practice his steps became steady.

2.         The doctor said I had caught a severe cold and she prescribed me four different medicines. Three of them are pills to be taken after meals and the other is liquid to be drunk before going to bed.

3.         My sister felt miserable for weeks after she had her pet dog stolen.

4.         Jenny was still at the gate gazing at the end of the road long after the car was out of sight.

5.         As far as I know, they have been emotionally detached from each other for some time.

6.         In general, prices may be brought down by increasing supply or decreasing demand.

Unit 7
1.         As usual, he turned his radio for the 7 a.m. news broadcast before he began to get washed.

2.         There are a lot of papers to sign, but the only urgent one is this contract.

3.         In that city crime born of drug abuse and gambling is on the rise, and the local government seems unable to figure out a way to cope with it.

4.         In whose days I would read everything I could get my hands on so/ as long as it was written in English.

5.         I bet the building must have been completely destroyed in the air raid.

6.         She was so scared by the unexpected blow that she could not speak a word for several minutes. / Scared by the unexpected blow, she could not speak a word for several minutes.

Unit 8
1.         We did not like his attitude that he deserved special treatment.

2.         Even if you are one of the best students in class, in order to maintain your grades you must review your lessons often.

3.         Some of the old fantasies about the space age have come true.

4.         It is true that some people achieve success very early in life, while others must work a long time before attaining their goals.

5.         He maintained that the failure of the experiment was largely due to inadequate preparation.

6.         Researchers now recommend that we take time every day to project our desire goals onto the screen in our minds.

Unit 10
1.       In fact, there are different accounts of the shipwreck in the newspapers.

2.       It is said that the area was well advanced in agriculture as early as 2,000 years ago.

3.       Watch how he operates the machine and then do likewise.

4.       Kong Fansen embodies all the fine qualities of a communist.

5.       Among the professional women in those countries, there is a trend towards having children in their thirties.

6.       There is an interval of a week between Christmas and New Year's Day.

Unit 9 Song of Defiance
defiance 违抗 反抗
resistance; refusal to give way to…

e.g. Thousands of people staged a hunger strike in defiance of the local government.
           The workers went on strike in defiance of union policy.
triumph胜利
an important victory or success

e.g. The match ended in triumph for the Russian team.
           He held up the prize in triumph.

in contrast to/with截然不同
very different from

e.g. The building of the bridge is ahead of schedule and ahead of budget, in contrast to most projects in the city.
           In contrast with the optimistic view of the panel he is pessimistic about the chances of success of the experiment.
stuff 塞进、塞满
fill sth. tightly with sth.

e.g. We had to stuff envelopes with letters and information packs.
           The rooms are stuffed with antiques and priceless treasures.
overflow 溢出，泛滥
flow over the edge or limits of sth.
 
e.g. Turn off the water so the sink does not overflow.
           The crowds were so big that they overflowed the barriers.
make concessions to sb. for sth. 让步
allow sb. to have sth.

e.g. The version of emancipation which became law made many concessions to the interests of the gentry.
           However, when the unions proved reluctant to make concessions, the employers would have to contemplate the possibility of a lockout.

turn a blind eye to假装看不见
pretend not to notice

e.g. They would prefer to turn a blind eye to the problem of asylum seekers around the world.
           Unfortunatlly the police turn a blind eye to the lawbreaking.
amid 在……中
in the middle of

e.g. The farm house stood amid the trees.
           The dollar fell in value amid rumors of weakness in the U. S. economy.
striking 惹人注目的
attracting attention or interest

e.g. There is a striking similarity between herself and Kathy.
           Her most striking feature is the warm smile in her eyes.
make a name for oneself
establish one’s reputation, become famous

e.g. Betty had already made a name for herself as a pop singer by the age of 16.
           He was beginning to make a name for himself as one of the best soccer players in Brazil.
scarcely 几乎不
only just; hardly

e.g. I scarcely noticed that my overcoat was wet through.
           He awoke, and it seemed that he had scarcely closed his eye.
confess 坦白、承认
acknowledge; admit

e.g. I must confess that I do not find this to be a serious problem at first.
           John confessed to using cocaine at home occasionally.
have access to
have the opportunity or right to use

e.g. Lots of people in the world still have no access to clean drinking water.
           I believe that it is a fundamental principal that people should have access to independent legal advise.
throw oneself into
devote oneself to

e.g. Since her husband died, she has thrown herself into her work.
            As a result, Judith threw herself into the cause of medical reform.
recruit 招募
find new people to work

e.g. The club is trying to recruit volunteers to help in their work.
           It is getting more and more difficult to recruit experienced staff.
handful 一把，少量
as much as can be held in one hand

e.g. What I saw was only a handful of people standing around the entrance.
           The little girl scooped up a handful of snow from the ground and ran back into the house cheerfully.
live through
experience sth. and survive

e.g. His new book is a collection of essays and fiction by writers who lived through the Great Depression.
           It is hard to describe the nightmare they lived through during the fascist regime.
pay for 受到惩罚
be punished for sth.

e.g. People who sell drugs to our children should pay dearly for it.
           To tell you the truth, I have no idea at all who paid for the dinner tonight.
in honor of 出于……敬意
out of respect for

e.g. A state banquet was held in the Peace Hall in honor of the visiting president.
           The U. S. issued a stamp in honor of Captain Alfred Dreyfus.
bound for 前往
going or ready to go in the direction of

e.g. We passed a ferry full of people bound for the other side of the river.
           The ship is bound for Shanghai.
take in 观察，理解，吸收
observe, notice, absorb

e.g. The eyes were dark and quick-moving, taking in everything at a glance.
           Gazing up into his eyes, she seemed to take in all he said.

 

amount to
develop into

e.g. What you have done amounts to nothing.
       If you work hard, you will undoubtedly amount to something sooner or later.  


hostile
unfriendly; showing a great amount of dislike

e.g. Don’t be hostile to new ideas and changes.
      Ever since I got better marks than Parker, he has been hostile to me.


interfere with
be an obstacle to; hinder; affect

e.g. I hope that this misunderstanding will not interfere with our friendship.
       The smell of the bakery interfered with the resident upstairs.


irritable
easily be annoyed or made angry

e.g. He was irritable and you must be much more careful when talking with him.
       Being irritable is not good for people’s health.


contribute to
help to being about

e.g. Your timely help contributes to our success.
        His carelessness contributed to this car accident.


concentration
concentrating or being concentrated

e.g. This thesis will need all your concentration.
        The young children need much more exercise to improve their concentration.


get along/ on with
form or have a relationship with

e.g. His is kind, friendly, considerate and easy to get along with.
       They got along well with since they became know each other  for nearly ten years.


remarkable
deserving attention; unusual; out of the ordinary

e.g. Journalists usually report remarkable events.
       The situation has a remarkable change.
       Your work has been remarkable this week.

       
due to
caused by

e.g. The accident was due to his careless use of gun.
       Due to the snow storm, many passengers were blocked at the airport.


come true
happen just as was wished, expected, or dreamt

e.g. I wish my dream to be a teacher will come true one day.
       Trust yourself! Your dream will obviously come true.


vividly
in a lively manner

e.g. He expressed the situation vividly that all of us seemed to be on the spot.
       It is helpful to picture yourself and your working experiences as vividly as you can during an 
interview.


automatically
self-acting

e.g. The toy bear can sing automatically if you put battery in it.
       Most of the machines in big companies are running automatically in order to reduce cost of the manpower.


appropriately
properly, suitably

e.g. Casual clothes were not appropriate for formal occasions.
        The teacher gave the students an appropriate example to help them understand fully.


accomplishment
sth. completely and successfully done

e.g. She was a girl of many accomplishments.
       Among her accomplishments were sewing, cooking, playing the piano and dancing.

athletic
having to do with active games and sports; of or concerning athletes

e.g. His girlfriend was an athletic girl.
       Most boys like playing athletic games in leisure time.


neglect
give too little care or attention to

e.g. The manager criticized Tom for neglecting his duties.
       The house has been neglected and it is in a terrible condition.


automatically
self-acting

e.g. The toy bear can sing automatically if you put battery in it.
       Most of the machines in big companies are running automatically in order to reduce cost of the manpower.


automatically
self-acting

e.g. The toy bear can sing automatically if you put battery in it.
       Most of the machines in big companies are running automatically in order to reduce cost of the 
manpower.

in the midst of
in the middle of

e.g. She went away without any words in the midst of the birthday party.


break up
come to an end

e.g. The birthday party didn’t break up until 2 a.m.
       How boring the speech is! Everyone hopes that it will break up as soon as possible.
abridge


make shorter by using fewer words;
cut shorter

e.g. The rights of citizens must not be abridged.
       You can abridge your story by leaving out some unimportant details.


grab
take or seize suddenly or roughly

e.g. The gunman grabbed her arm and pulled her out of the car.
       The thief grabbed the shoulder bag from the woman and ran off.


portable
capable of being carried or moved;
easily carried

e.g. I bought a new portable note-book last week.
       The price of a portable radio costs much more than a usual one sometime.


Yellow Alert
the first alert given when enemy aircraft or enemy missiles are discovered approaching a military installation, city, coast line.

Blue Alert
an alert following the yellow alert, in which air attack seems probable

Red Alert
the most urgent form of alert, signaling that an enemy attack is believed to be imminent

White Alert
an all clear signal or directive indicating that the danger of air raid no longer exist


post
place where one is supposed to be when one is on duty

e.g. When the fire-alarm sounded, each fire-man rushed to his post.
       No one may leave his post without permission.


design
draw plans for

e.g. These text books are designed mainly for use in college.
       He won in a house designing competition.


stuff
things; belongings

e.g. He packed up all his stuff at the back of the car.
       As she failed to keep up rent payments, the old woman was told to move her stuff out of the room.


pool
put sth. together  for the use of all who contribute

e.g. The four girls pooled their savings and bought a computer.
       If we pool our ideas, we may be able to produce a really good plan.


chorus
utterance by many at the same time

e.g. The papers all chorused the praises of the positive suggestions of the government.
       His humorous remark was met with a chorus of laughter.


overtake
catch up with; pass

e.g. The car overtook the truck.
      The athlete stepped up her pace in the last lap and succeeded in overtaking her opponents as she approached the finish line.


fit in
have or find enough space

e.g. It is a small car and only three of us can fit in.
       Can you fit in one more desk in your room?


crazy
stupid, silly

e.g. You must be crazy to take such a dangerous job!
       My friend thought I was crazy when I told her that I wanted to be a high school teacher.


make a difference
be important; have an effect or influence

e.g. It does not make any difference to me whether you go or not.
       A person’s appearance makes some difference in how others judge him.


accommodate
have enough space for

e.g. This newly-built hotel can accommodate nearly 1000 guests.
       This minibus accommodates twelve people quite comfortably.


plead
ask earnestly; beg

e.g. When the rent was due, Tom pleaded with the landlady for more time.
       She was a kind person and always pleaded the rights of the poor.


head for
go in the direction of; make for

e.g. They were heading for the hotel when I saw them yesterday.
       They set sail at dawn and headed straight for Ningbo.


figure out
work out; calculate; understand by thinking

e.g. It took me two hours to figure out the problem.
       He could not figure out how it had happened.

 
•Unit 4

A Fan’s Notes

•nasty 恶意的，令人不快的
•extremely unkind and unpleasant
•e.g. My brother has got a nasty temper.
           The weather turned nasty towards the evening.

           When you feel you’ve been cheated, it always leaves a nasty taste in the mouth.

•relationship 关系；联系
•links between people, groups, etc.; the way in which certain things are connected
•e.g. I have a very close relationship with my parents.
           I am doing a research on the relationship between Britain and the U.S..

•run 经营、管理
•manage; be in charge of
•e.g. For a while, father ran a hotel in London and made friends with many businessmen.
           Fewer and fewer state-run enterprises are losing money.

•physical 身体的；物质的
•related to one’s body; of or concerning things that can be experienced through the five senses

•e.g. He spends hours in the gym everyday. I am afraid he is obsessed with physical fitness.
           Man’s understanding of himself is not as good as his understanding of the physical world around him.

•click 点击；咔嗒声
•press a button on a computer mouse; make a short hard sound
 

•e.g. If you want to open a file, click twice on the icon for it.
           As the door clicked shut behind her, she realized she had forgotten her key.

•fancy 花哨的、别致的、高档的
•e.g. I just want a basic sports coat, nothing fancy.
           Never mind all these fancy phrases, just tell us the plain facts.

•cover 报道、采访
•report the details of an event
•e.g. She is covering the Iraqi election for the CCTV.
           We will be covering the game live on Sunday afternoon.

•extensive 广泛的；大量的
•dealing with a lot of information and details; large in size, amount or degree
•e.g. Scientists have conducted extensive research into the cause of cancer.
            The accident caused extensive damage to both cars.

•dedication 奉献、牺牲精神
•whole-hearted devotion
•e.g. The program has been a success, thanks to the dedication of all of you.
           I admire her dedication to the medical profession.

•elaborate 精心计划的；复杂的
•carefully planned; complicated
•e.g. They are making the most elaborate preparations for the celebration.
           She wore to the party a silk dress with elaborate color patterns.

•supposed 所谓的
•claimed by other people to be true
•e.g. He explained the supposed economic benefits of lower taxes.
           The new evidence showed that the supposed killer could not have been guilty.

•spot 认出；觉察；发现
•pick out; detect; see
•e.g. A group of sharks were spotted off the coast earlier this month.
           If you spot any mistakes in the article, please mark them with a red pencil.

•decay 腐烂；衰败
•rot; waste away
•e.g. Facilities built in the 1960s have started to decay.
           Pollution has decayed the surface of the stonework on the front of the building.

•surround 包围
•encircle, be present on all sides
•e.g. Can you name the states that surrounded Washington, D. C.?
           Armed police quickly surrounded the house in which the hostages were held.

•curl 卷曲
•cause to roll over and bend around
•e.g. She curled up her hair in the latest fashion.
           The dog lay curled up in front of the fire.

•twist 扭曲；搓
•turn one way and then another; wind around one another
•e.g. The metal beams had been badly twisted by the explosion.
           They had twisted the sheets into a rope and escaped by climbing down it.

•interpret 解释 翻译
•explain the meaning of; translate
•e.g. If you don’t speak the language, I can interpret for you.
           His silence on the subject was interpreted as refusal to get involved in politics.

•fasten 拴；扣；系
•fix firmly to; close or join
•e.g. Please keep your seatbelt fastened while the seatbelt light is on.
           Before he left, he checked that all the windows were properly fastened.

•lean 倾斜；屈身
•move or bend one’s body in a particular direction
•e.g. Maggie leaned over her map and studied it carefully before she started her car again.
           Cathy leaned against the apple tree for a rest.